Federalism at Work: How States Shape Immigration Policy Within a National Framework
Federalism & Immigration Policy in Action
Model of the US
Ever wondered how power is shared between the U.S. government and individual states? It all comes down to federalism—a system where responsibilities are divided between national and state governments.
This structure allows states to shape policies that address local needs while the federal government oversees national concerns. Think of it as a partnership—states can implement their own initiatives while still being part of a unified system.
A recent example of this in action is immigration. In Texas, lawmakers approved $6.5 billion for Operation Lone Star, a state-funded initiative focused on law enforcement and border management. This reflects how states can allocate resources to address specific policy priorities within their jurisdiction.
On January 29, Governor Greg Abbott issued five Executive Orders directing Texas agencies to align with immigration enforcement policies from the Trump Administration. This move reinforces Texas' focus on immigration and has major implications for industries across the state. The orders also reinforce the state’s role in enforcement, with increased agency coordination and a large financial investment.
State-Level Enforcement – Texas agencies are increasing coordination on immigration enforcement, expanding the state’s role in border security efforts.
Major Financial Investment – Texas has dedicated $6.5 billion to Operation Lone Star, aimed at deterring unlawful crossings along the Texas-Mexico border.
Potential Impacts to Your Workplace
Understanding how immigration policies impact businesses is crucial, as changes in enforcement, trade regulations, and infrastructure investments could affect workforce availability, supply chains, and local economies.
Workforce Availability – If enforcement efforts increase, industries that rely on immigrant labor—like agriculture, logistics, and manufacturing—could see shifts in labor supply.
Infrastructure Changes – Increased border security funding may lead to new construction projects, impacting local economies and business operations.
Trade & Supply Chains – As a key hub for U.S.-Mexico trade, Texas businesses could face longer shipping times, higher costs, and new regulatory considerations due to changes in border operations.
The Bottom Line
Federalism ensures that states can shape policies that reflect their priorities while remaining part of a broader national framework. When it comes to immigration and border security, Texas' actions highlight the dynamic balance between state and federal roles—and their impact on industries, workers, and trade.
As these executive orders take effect, workplaces should stay informed on how state agencies implement them and what that means for daily operations. Immigration policy remains a complex issue, and Texas’ role in enforcement strategies will continue to evolve.
Staying informed and engaged with policymakers, industry groups, and local chambers of commerce can help your workplace navigate potential changes.